Elastomers ise kachasị elu maka ngwa Gasket na Seal
Kedu ihe bụ elastomers? Okwu a sitere na "elastic" - otu n'ime ihe ndị bụ isi nke rọba. A na-eji okwu ndị bụ "roba" na "elastomer" eme ihe n'otu oge iji zoo aka na polima nwere viscoelasticity - nke a na-akpọkarị "elasticity." Ihe ndị dị n'ime elastomers gụnyere mgbanwe, ogologo dị elu na njikọta nke iguzogide na damping (damping bụ ihe onwunwe nke rọba nke na-eme ka ọ gbanwee ike igwe ka ọ bụrụ okpomọkụ mgbe a na-agbanwe ya). Ihe pụrụ iche a na-eme ka elastomers bụrụ ihe zuru oke maka gaskets, seals, isolat ors, na ihe ndị yiri ya.
Kemgbe ọtụtụ afọ, mmepụta elastomer esiwo na roba sitere n'okike pụta site na latex osisi gaa na mgbanwe dị iche iche nke rọba e mepụtara nke ọma. N'ịmepụta mgbanwe ndị a, a na-enweta ihe ndị a kapịrị ọnụ site n'enyemaka nke ihe mgbakwunye dị ka ihe na-ejupụta ma ọ bụ ihe na-eme ka plastik dị nro ma ọ bụ site na mgbanwe dị iche iche nke ọdịnaya n'ime nhazi copolymer. Mgbanwe nke mmepụta elastomer na-emepụta ọtụtụ ohere elastomer nke enwere ike imepụta, mepụta ma mee ka ọ dị n'ahịa.
Iji họrọ ihe kwesịrị ekwesị, mmadụ kwesịrị ibu ụzọ nyochaa ihe ndị a na-ahụkarị maka arụmọrụ elastomer na ngwa gasket na mkpuchi. Mgbe ọ na-ahọrọ ihe dị irè, ndị injinia ga-eburu n'uche ọtụtụ ihe. Ọnọdụ ọrụ dịka oke okpomọkụ ọrụ, ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi, kọntaktị kemịkalụ, na ihe achọrọ maka igwe ma ọ bụ anụ ahụ kwesịrị ịtụle nke ọma. Dabere na ngwa ahụ, ọnọdụ ọrụ ndị a nwere ike imetụta arụmọrụ na ogologo ndụ nke gasket ma ọ bụ mkpuchi elastomer.
N'iburu echiche ndị a n'uche, ka anyị lelee ise n'ime elastomers a na-ejikarị eme ihe maka gasket na mkpuchi.
1)Buna-N/Nitrile/NBR
Okwu ndị a niile yiri ya, a na-ahọrọkarị roba a na-akpọ acrylonitrile (ACN) na butadiene, ma ọ bụ roba Nitrile butadiene (NBR), nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe mgbe mmanụ ụgbọala, mmanụ na/ma ọ bụ mmanụ dị.
Isi Njirimara:
Oke okpomọkụ kachasị elu site na ~ -54°C ruo 121°C (-65° – 250°F).
Ọ dị ezigbo mma iguzogide mmanụ, ihe mgbaze na mmanụ ọkụ.
Ezigbo iguzogide abrasion, mmiri oyi na-asọ, na-eguzogide anya mmiri.
A na-ahọrọ ya maka iji nitrogen ma ọ bụ helium.
Ọ naghị anabata UV, ozone, na ihu igwe nke ọma.
Ọ naghị anabata ketone na hydrocarbons chlorine nke ọma.
A na-ejikarị eme ihe n'ime:
Ngwa Njikwa Mmanụ Ụgbọelu na Ụgbọala
Ọnụ ego ndị metụtara ya:
Obere ruo Ọkara
2)EPDM
Nhazi nke EPDM na-amalite site na njikọta nke ethylene na propylene. A na-agbakwunye monomer nke atọ, diene, ka e wee nwee ike iji sọlfọ mee ka ihe ahụ dị nro. A maara ihe mejupụtara ya dị ka ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM).
Isi Njirimara:
Oke okpomọkụ kachasị elu site na ~ -59°C ruo 149°C (-75° – 300°F).
Okpomọkụ dị mma, ozone na iguzogide ihu igwe.
Ezigbo iguzogide ihe ndị dị na polar na uzuoku.
Njirimara mkpuchi eletriki dị mma.
Ọ na-eguzogide ketones, asịd nkịtị a gwakọtara agwakọta, na alkaline nke ọma.
Ọ naghị anabata mmanụ, mmanụ ụgbọala, na kerosene nke ọma.
Ọ naghị eguzogide hydrocarbons aliphatic, ihe mgbaze halogenated, na asịd concentrated nke ọma.
A na-ejikarị eme ihe n'ime:
Gburugburu Refrigerated/Frijie-Hold
Sistemụ Jụụ Ụgbọala na Ngwa Ihu Igwe
Ọnụ ego ndị metụtara ya:
Dị Ala - Dịkarịa ala
3) Neoprene
A na-emepụta ezinụlọ neoprene nke rọba sịntetik site na polymerization nke chloroprene ma a makwaara ya dị ka polychloroprene ma ọ bụ Chloroprene (CR).
Isi Njirimara:
Oke okpomọkụ kachasị elu site na ~ -57°C ruo 138°C (-70° – 280°F).
Mmetụta dị mma, abrasion na ihe ndị na-eguzogide ire ọkụ.
Ezigbo ihe mgbochi anya mmiri na mkpakọ.
Mmiri dị mma nke na-eguzogide mmiri.
Ọ na-eguzogide ọgwụ ọjọọ dị ka ozone, UV, na ikuku ọjọọ, yana mmanụ, mmanụ, na ihe ndị na-agbaze dị nro.
Ọ naghị eguzogide asịd siri ike, ihe mgbaze, esters, na ketones.
Ọ naghị anabata chlorine, aromatic, na nitro-hydrocarbons nke ọma.
A na-ejikarị eme ihe n'ime:
Ngwa Gburugburu Ebe Obibi Mmiri
Elektrọnik
Ọnụ ego ndị metụtara ya:
Dị ala
4) Silikọn
Rubber silicone bụ vinyl methyl polysiloxanes nwere nnukwu polymer, nke a na-akpọ (VMQ), nke na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma n'ebe okpomọkụ siri ike. N'ihi ịdị ọcha ha, rọba silicone dabara nke ọma maka ojiji dị ọcha.
Isi Njirimara:
Oke okpomọkụ kachasị elu site na ~ -100°C ruo 250°C (-148° – 482°F).
Ezigbo iguzogide okpomọkụ dị elu.
Ọ na-eguzogide oke UV, ozone na ihu igwe dị mma.
Na-egosipụta mgbanwe kachasị mma nke obere okpomọkụ nke ihe ndị edepụtara.
Njirimara dielectric dị mma nke ukwuu.
Ike nrụgide adịghị mma na iguzogide ndọda.
Ọ naghị anabata ihe mgbaze, mmanụ, na asịd ndị a na-etinye n'ime ya nke ọma.
Ike iguzogide uzuoku adịghị mma.
A na-ejikarị eme ihe n'ime:
Ngwa Nri na Ihe Ọṅụṅụ
Ngwa maka Gburugburu Ebe Ọgwụ (Ewezuga ọgwụ mgbochi uzuoku)
Ọnụ ego ndị metụtara ya:
Oke - Elu
5) Fluoroelastomer/Viton®
A na-ahazi Viton® fluoroelastomers n'okpuru aha FKM. Klas nke elastomers a bụ ezinụlọ nke nwere copolymers nke hexafluoropropylene (HFP) na vinylidene fluoride (VDF ma ọ bụ VF2).
A na-ahụ terpolymers nke tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), vinylidene fluoride (VDF) na hexafluoropropylene (HFP) yana perfluoromethylvinylether (PMVE) nwere ihe pụrụ iche na ọkwa dị elu.
A maara FKM dị ka ihe ngwọta nhọrọ mgbe achọrọ oke okpomọkụ yana iguzogide kemịkalụ.
Isi Njirimara:
Oke okpomọkụ kachasị elu site na ~ -30°C ruo 315°C (-20° – 600°F).
Ihe kacha mma na-eguzogide okpomọkụ dị elu.
Ọ na-eguzogide oke UV, ozone na ihu igwe dị mma.
Ike iguzogide ketones adịghị mma, esters dị arọ nke molekul dị ala.
Enweghị ike iguzogide mmanya na ihe ndị nwere nitro
Ike iguzogide obere okpomọkụ.
A na-ejikarị eme ihe n'ime:
Ngwa Mkpuchi Mmiri/SCUBA
Ngwa Mmanụ Ụgbọala nwere nnukwu mkpokọta nke Biodiesel
Ngwa Mkpuchi Aerospace na Nkwado nke Sistemụ Mmanụ, Mmanụ, na Hydraulic
Ọnụ ego ndị metụtara ya:
Elu
Oge ozi: Eprel-15-2020